
Pittsfield serves as the eastern anchor of this late 19th-century survey, which reveals a landscape of industrial hamlets and Shaker communities along the border of Massachusetts and New York. The presence of Canaan Shakers and Shaker Village highlights the significant influence of the Shaker movement in the region during this era. Heavy industry and transit define the lowlands, with the Boston and Albany Railroad and Lebanon Springs Railroad connecting vital centers like Richmond Furnace and Edwards Station. The drainage of the Housatonic River and its many tributaries, such as the Williams River, powers numerous mills including Rock Dale Mills and those at Shaker Mill Pond. From the heights of Perry Peak and Lenox Mountain, the terrain drops into the prominent basin of Stockbridge Bowl, documenting a time when river power and rail lines dictated the growth of Berkshire and Columbia counties.
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