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1996 Map of Vainom Kug

Name: 1996 Topographic Map of Vainom Kug
Creator: U.S. Geological Survey
Published: 2002
License: https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/

USGS Topo · Published 2002

About this map

The Tohono O'odham Indian Reservation landscape is defined here by its hydraulic network, centered on the broad Gu Oidak Valley. The map details a desert environment where water management is critical to settlement, evidenced by the numerous tanks and wells scattered across the terrain. While Vainom Kug and Kaihon Kug serve as primary points of habitation, the presence of Kui Tatk (Site) indicates the deeper history of residency in this portion of Pima County.

Ephemeral drainages such as Sikul Himatk Wash, San Luis Wash, and Gu Oidak Wash carve through the valley, supported by infrastructure like Sikul Himatk Well and the Old Quijotoa Well. Travel through the region in the late twentieth century was primarily facilitated by 4WD tracks, connecting remote points like Francis Tank and Havana Tank. The cartography emphasizes the reliance on these scattered water sources and natural washes for life in the Sonoran desert.