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1981 Map of Keaiwa Reservoir

Name: 1981 Topographic Map of Keaiwa Reservoir
Creator: U.S. Geological Survey
Published: 1981
License: https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/

USGS Topo · Published 1981

About this map

The volcanic slopes of Mauna Loa dominate this 1981 survey of the Kau District, where successive eruption events have shaped the modern landscape. The map captures the distinct boundaries of several major events, including the Lava Flow of 1926, the Lava Flow of 1949, and the Lava Flow of 1950. These flows cut across the Kahuku and Kapapala lands, occasionally leaving behind islands of older vegetation like Kipuka Aiaka Alala.

Lower elevations transition into the protected timberlands of the Kapapala Forest Reserve and Kau Forest Reserve. This area is carved by a series of deep drainage channels such as Waihaka Gulch, Kaalaala Gulch, and Keaiwa Gulch. Human infrastructure is sparse, focused on water management and access, highlighted by the Keaiwa Reservoir, the Maunaanu Waterhole, and the Noguchi Tunnel. A network of jeep trails provides the only passage through the high-elevation terrain between Puu Kinikini and the forest boundaries.