Loading map...

1966 Map of Kipuka Pakekake

Name: 1966 Topographic Map of Kipuka Pakekake
Creator: U.S. Geological Survey
Published: 1968
License: https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/

USGS Topo · Published 1968

About this map

Hawaii Volcanoes National Park dominates this mid-1960s landscape, illustrating the complex intersection of volcanic activity and resilient vegetation. The map meticulously documents various flows, including the Na Puu Kulua Lava Flow and an expansive 1880 flow, which surround isolated islands of older forest known as kipukas. These ecological refugia, such as Kipuka Pake Kake, Kipuka Kulalio, and Kipuka Maunaiu, stand out as green corridors against the stark, cracked terrain of Ke a Poomoku.

Evidence of human adaptation to this active volcanic environment is found along the Mauna Loa Strip Road and the various Jeep Trails that navigate the slopes. Practical infrastructure like the Summit Rest House, Rain Shed, and scattered Water Tanks highlight the necessities of travel and survival in the high-elevation terrain of Ainapo and Kapapala. The lower elevations near Maluikeao and Kauhiuhi show the beginnings of more permanent settlement patterns on the Keakapulu Flat.