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1945 Map of Carlsbad Caverns East

Name: 1945 Topographic Map of Carlsbad Caverns East
Creator: U.S. Geological Survey
Published: 1961
License: https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/

USGS Topo · Published 1961

About this map

Carlsbad Caverns National Park defines the western landscape of this 1945 survey, featuring iconic subterranean landmarks such as Bat Cave, Chimney Cave, and the official Cavern Entrance. Outside the park boundaries, the settlement of White City sits as a gateway along the road toward the Black River. The eastern half of the map reveals a ranching economy centered around water sources, with family-named operations like W W Smith & Sons Ranch and Sims Ranch dotting the arid terrain.

A notable artifact of the era is the presence of several Bombing Targets, reflecting the region's mid-century military activity. Genealogists and local historians can trace legacy properties such as the Old Harrison Ranch and the Julian Smith Cem near Black River Village. The map also captures several hydrological features vital to desert life, including Blue Spr, Rattlesnake Spr, and the curiously named Bottomless Lake.