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1923 Map of Indian Head

Name: 1923 Topographic Map of Indian Head
Creator: U.S. Geological Survey
Published: 1923
License: https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/

USGS Topo · Published 1923

About this map

The Potomac River dominates this early twentieth-century landscape, serving as both a jurisdictional boundary and a vital commercial corridor linked by a designated Steamboat Route. The Maryland side is defined by the industrial and military presence of the Naval Proving Ground and Naval Powder Factory near Indian Head, while the Virginia shore at Mount Vernon and Fort Hunt retains a mix of historical estates and defensive fortifications.

Social and educational structures of the era are visible in the numerous rural schools, including the Woodlawn School (Colored) and Gunston Hall School. Transportation relies on the Pennsylvania RR and the Richmond Washington Highway, which connect established settlements like Occoquan and Lorton. Significant local landmarks such as Pohick Church and Willards Mill illustrate the enduring community hubs that supported the river-and-rail economy before mid-century suburban expansion changed the character of these riverside counties.