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1938 Map of Salamanca

Name: 1938 Topographic Map of Salamanca
Creator: U.S. Geological Survey
Published: 1962
License: https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/

USGS Topo · Published 1962

About this map

The Allegheny River valley forms the industrial and transit backbone of this New York landscape, dominated by the major rail hub of Salamanca. The city is uniquely situated within the Allegheny Indian Reservation, showing a complex intersection of tribal lands and railroad development where the Baltimore and Ohio, Erie, and Pennsylvania lines converge. Small settlements like Kill Buck, Carrollton, and Riverside Junction follow the river’s path, while the southern portion of the map transitions into the wooded expanse of Allegheny State Park.

Upstream to the north, the terrain becomes more dissected by steep valleys such as Mutton Hollow and Christian Valley. Local hamlets like Humphrey Center and Sugartown are tucked into these drainage basins, connected by a network of creeks including Great Valley Creek and Forks Creek. The map documents a period before major modern highway expansions, capturing the prominence of these small creek-side communities and the heavy rail infrastructure at East Salamanca and West Salamanca.