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1923 Map of Cattaraugus

Name: 1923 Topographic Map of Cattaraugus
Creator: U.S. Geological Survey
Published: 1923
License: https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/

USGS Topo · Published 1923

About this map

Gowanda and Cattaraugus serve as focal points for this 1923 survey, which illustrates the intricate intersection of indigenous land, industrial rail corridors, and rural educational hubs. The Cattaraugus Indian Reservation occupies the northwest corner, containing the State Asylum and specialized institutions like the Indian School. Transport is dominated by the Erie RR and its various branches, which navigate the deep valleys carved by Cattaraugus Creek and Thatcher Brook.

The landscape is exceptionally dense with one-room schoolhouses, ranging from the Broadway School to the Joles School, highlighting the decentralized nature of rural New York education before major consolidation. Settlement patterns follow the terrain, with clusters like Collins Center, East Otto, and New Albion situated atop high ground such as Poverty Hill and Tug Hill. Large wetlands including the Conewango Swamp and Waterman Swamp remain prominent features of the southern lowlands.