1980 Map of Smithsonian Butte

About this map

Smithsonian Butte rises prominently above a landscape defined by the towering Vermilion Cliffs and the elevated plateau of Canaan Mountain. This 1980 survey captures a period of remote ranching and grazing activity along the Utah Arizona border, where the terrain transitions from the open expanse of the Big Plain into the intricate drainage systems of Canaan Wash and Gould Wash. The map documents essential water sources in this arid environment, including Sawmill Spring and Canaan Springs, which were vital for local livestock operations like the Canaan Ranch. Transportation is represented by a few primary routes meeting at Big Plain Junction and a traditional Pack Trail winding through the cliffs. This topographical record provides a clear look at the geological barriers of Dutton Pass and the Canaan Gap that shaped movement through Washington County before modern development.