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1933 Map of Avawatz Mountains, 1945 Print
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1933 Map of Avawatz Mountains

USGS Topo · Published 1945

About this map

The southern reaches of Death Valley and the surrounding high desert terrain define this landscape at a time when industrial extraction and rail travel were still the region's primary lifelines. Along the eastern margins, the Tonopah and Tidewater railroad serves a string of remote outposts including Tecopa, Silver Lake, and Baker. Early 20th-century mining history is evidenced by the presence of the Epsom Salts Works, Ashford Mill, and Confidence Mill, while the path of the Old Spanish Trail cuts through the northeast corner toward Emigrant Pass. Natural water sources like Saratoga Spr and Salt Springs provided critical stops in this arid environment, contrasting with the expansive dry beds of Soda Lake and Bicycle Lake. The map illustrates the early development of the Death Valley National Monument and the sparse network of primitive routes like the Barstow Road.

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Map Details

Date Portrayed1933
Date Published1945
PublisherU.S. Geological Survey
Map TypeTopographic
Scale1:250000
Physical Dimensions17 x 20.8 inches

Editions of this 1933 Avawatz Mountains Map

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Source Details

SourceU.S. Geological Survey
CopyrightPublic Domain