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1933 Map of Avawatz Mountains

Name: 1933 Topographic Map of Avawatz Mountains
Creator: U.S. Geological Survey
Published: 1974
License: https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/

USGS Topo · Published 1974

About this map

The Tonopah and Tidewater railroad corridor anchor this 1933 survey, tracing a path through the arid basin and range landscape from the Amargosa Range down to Baker. The region’s industrial history is etched into the terrain with sites like Ashford Mill, Confidence Mill, and the Epsom Salts Works, reflecting a period when remote mineral extraction drove settlement. Water sources were the vital lifeblood of the area, appearing as critical landmarks like Saratoga Spr, Resting Spr, and the Amargosa River.

Evidence of early travel and commerce is preserved in the Old Spanish Trail and the presence of small stops like Zabriskie, Tecopa, and Crucero. The map captures the scale of the dry lake beds, including Silver Lake, Goldstone Lake, and Coyote Lake, before mid-century developments altered these corridors. This survey provides an essential view of the high desert's connectivity through rail and trail during the early decades of the twentieth century.