1985 Map of Avawatz Pass

About this map

The Avawatz Mountains define the character of this desert landscape, where the southern reaches of Death Valley meet the restricted lands of the Fort Irwin Military Reservation. Water is the primary driver of human activity here, evidenced by a series of named springs including Cottonwood Spring, Cave Spring, and Denning Spring (Dry). The topography suggests a history of resource exploration, as numerous unidentified Prospect and Prospects sites are scattered along the steep elevation contours, particularly near Arrastre Spring. This name implies the historical presence of an arrastre — a primitive mule-powered mill used to crush ore — pointing to the difficult mining operations that once characterized this remote corner of San Bernardino County. The isolation of the terrain is further emphasized by the prominent Avawatz Pass, a natural gateway through the high ridges.