1990 Map of Crystal Hill

About this map

Kofa National Wildlife Refuge dominates the southern landscape of this Arizona quadrangle, where the arid desert floor meets the rising peaks of the Plomosa Mountains and the Livingston Hills. The area is defined by its mining heritage, evidenced by a dense concentration of historical claims and shafts. Operations like the Apache Chief Mine and the Poorman Mine are recorded alongside various unnamed prospects and adits that follow the mountain ridges. Resource extraction was supported by critical water sources such as Livingstons Well, Twelvemile Well, and the Dripping Spring. The map captures a rugged terrain carved by intermittent washes, including Plomosita Wash and Italian Wash, illustrating the sparse but vital infrastructure of pipelines and four-wheel-drive trails required to navigate and work the mineral-rich land.