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1893 Map of Greenwood Lake

Name: 1893 Topographic Map of Greenwood Lake
Creator: U.S. Geological Survey
Published: 1905
License: https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/

USGS Topo · Published 1905

About this map

The New York New Jersey Boundary Line bisects this mountainous landscape, dominated by the long expanse of Greenwood Lake and the industrial activity of the late nineteenth century. A complex network of railroads and iron mines reveals the region's reliance on mineral extraction, with the Sterling Mountain Railroad serving the Sterling Furnace and numerous workings like the Layton Mines and Blue Mine dotting the ridges.

Settlement patterns follow the narrow valleys between Bearfort Mountain and Wawayanda Mountain, where villages like West Milford and New Foundland act as local hubs. The rugged topography is further defined by numerous high-altitude water bodies, including Wawayanda Lake and Macopin Lake, which would later become critical reservoirs for downstream metropolitan areas. The presence of the New York and Greenwood Lake Railroad along the Wanaque River illustrates the era's expanding transport links between these highlands and the urban centers to the south.