1982 Map of Umikoa

About this map

Umikoa (Kukaiau Ranch) sits at the northeastern edge of this high-elevation landscape, where the transition from managed ranching land to the protected wilderness of the Hamakua Forest Reserve is clearly defined. This 1982 map illustrates the complex upland geography of Hawaii’s Big Island, dominated by a series of volcanic cinder cones and gulches that descend from the upper slopes of Mauna Kea. Notable peaks like Puu Mali, Puu Kea, and Iolehaehae punctuate the terrain, which is divided by the significant Rock Wall Forest Reserve Boundary separating private ranch land from the Mauna Kea Forest Reserve. Access across this demanding environment is primarily facilitated by the Keanakolu Road. The presence of several former habitation areas, such as the Waikamakapo (Site) and Hanaipoe, indicates a history of land use and temporary settlement in these high pastures and forest fringes.