1989 Map of Markham Creek

About this map

San Carlos Indian Reservation land defines the northern and eastern reaches of this high-elevation terrain, where water sources were critical for ranching and survival. The map highlights a network of remote springs and tanks, such as Bull Springs, Angel Trail Spring, and Hot Springs Tank, providing insights into how this arid landscape was navigated and utilized in the late 20th century. Named landmarks like Slaughter Mountain and Table Mountain anchor the topography, while a series of deep drainage systems like Markham Creek, Lopas Canyon, and Brasswell Canyon carve through the earth. Evidence of land management is found at Lopas Windmill and various 4WD tracks, showing the intersection of traditional reservation boundaries with established infrastructure. This document serves as a clear record of the area's hydrology and land use before many such remote points of interest were altered by modern environmental changes.