1894 Map of Thorofare Gap

From the horse country around Middleburg and Upperville in the north to the county seats at Warrenton and Brentsville, the map documents a dense network of water-powered localities. Numerous "runs" and "licks" like Catharpin Run and Chestnut Lick drain into the Rappahannock River, supporting early settlements such as Sudley Spring and Haymarket. The detailed topography reveals the strategic importance of the gaps and ridges that shaped movement during a formative era of Virginian commerce and infrastructure.