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1902 Map of Mercersburg

Name: 1902 Topographic Map of Mercersburg
Creator: U.S. Geological Survey
Published: 1944
License: https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/

USGS Topo · Published 1944

About this map

The Cumberland Valley RR and Southern Pennsylvania Br define the valley floors of this 1900 survey, connecting small industrial hamlets like Richmond Furnace and Franklin Furnace to the larger centers of Mercersburg and Mcconnellsburg. The landscape is dominated by the parallel ridges of Tuscarora Mountain and Cove Mountain, which isolate Path Valley and Bear Valley from the broader agricultural expanses to the east.

Detailed infrastructure of the era is evident in the Kolbach Sawmill near Cowan Gap and the numerous named peaks like Parnell Knob and Jordans Knob. The map traces historical turnpikes, including the Mcconnellsburg Chambersburg and Gettysburg Pike, which provided critical transit through the water gaps. From the small settlement of Africa to the crossroads at Welsh Run, the map preserves a clear record of Pennsylvania's frontier industrial heritage before modern highway development.