1943 Map of Presumido Peak

About this map

The Baboquivari Indian Reservation dominates the western half of this 1941 survey, where traditional O'odham settlements like Chutum Vaya and Nachi Kulik are situated among the high peaks and washes. Along the southern boundary with Sonora, the international border runs through Sasabe and past family-held lands such as the Lopez Ranch and Rancho de la Osa. The landscape is a network of cattle ranching and early mining interests, evidenced by the Jupiter Mine in the northeast and numerous scattered operations like Los Encinos Ranch and Santa Margarita Ranch. Water management is central to the era's geography, with Mormon Tank, Aguirre Lake, and Mormon Lake providing critical resources for the local economy. The presence of the Site of Old Indian Fort near the center of the reservation highlights the long history of human occupation in this borderland environment.