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1916 Map of Casco Bay

Name: 1916 Topographic Map of Casco Bay
Creator: U.S. Geological Survey
Published: 1957
License: https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/

USGS Topo · Published 1957

About this map

Coastal Maine's strategic maritime landscape is defined by the heavy fortification of Portland harbor and the surrounding islands during the early twentieth century. This survey details a comprehensive network of coastal defense installations, including Fort McKinley on Great Diamond Island, Fort Williams at Portland Head, and Fort Preble on the mainland. These military sites, alongside the Quarantine Station and Marine Hospital, illustrate the critical role of Casco Bay as both a primary commercial gateway and a fortified naval perimeter.

Beyond the granite and guns, the map captures the transition of the shoreline into a residential and seasonal retreat. Steamboat landings like Trefethen Landing and Cleaves Landing dot the inner islands, while local life is anchored by institutions such as the Cape Elizabeth School and Pine Grove School. The intricate navigation of the bay's rocky waters is marked by essential beacons, including the Ram I Ledge Light and Halfway Rock Light.