1909 Map of Fairfield

About this map

The ridge-and-valley landscape of Adams County is defined by the transition from the high elevations of Snaggy Ridge and Jacks Mountain to the agricultural basins of Butler and Freedom townships. This 1909 survey records the industrial legacy of the region at Maria Furnace and Iron Springs, while documenting a network of rural education through sites like the West Point School and Newman School. The local economy is visibly centered on the rail corridors, specifically the Western Maryland RR and the Gettysburg and Harrisburg Division, which served hubs like Fairfield Sta. and McKnightstown Sta.. Historic transportation routes such as the Chambersburg Pike and the Hagerstown Road cut through the gaps, connecting long-established orchards and settlements including Cashtown, Bendersville, and Arendtsville.