1905 Map of Nogales

About this map

The Arizona Sonora United States Mexico Boundary Line defines the southern edge of this landscape, where the international border meets the burgeoning settlement of Nogales. Following the path of the Southern Pacific RR (Nogales Branch) and the Santa Cruz River, the map documents a region driven by high-altitude mining and ranching at the turn of the century. The Patagonia Mountains are dotted with industrial operations including The Mowry Mine, Golden Rose Mine, and the Holland Mine, supporting nearby communities like Duquesne and Washington. To the east, the vast grant of San Rafael provides a contrast with its open terrain, scattered with family outposts such as Cameron's Ranch and Martin's Ranch near the border settlement of Lochiel.