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1905 Map of Nogales

Name: 1905 Topographic Map of Nogales
Creator: U.S. Geological Survey
Published: 1916
License: https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/

USGS Topo · Published 1916

About this map

The Patagonia Mountains dominate the central terrain of this borderlands survey, defining a landscape shaped by an intensive search for mineral wealth and early cattle ranching. Silver and lead mining operations are well-established throughout the range, including The Mowry Mine, Jarillas Mine, and the Holland Mine. This industrial activity is supported by specialized mining settlements like Washington, Duquesne, and Harshaw, which sit nestled within the high canyons and flats.

Following the Santa Cruz River and the Southern Pacific RR, the map illustrates a network of pioneer homesteads and large land grants. To the west, Calabasas serves as a key junction, while the vast San Rafael area to the east is dotted with family holdings such as Cameron's Ranch and Martins Ranch. The southern edge is defined by the international Boundary Line, where Nogales and the remote outpost of Lochiel mark the points of contact between the United States and Mexico.