
The Fairfax Stone marks a critical historical vertex on this survey of the Allegheny highlands, where the North Branch Potomac River carves through the landscape. This era is defined by the industrial expansion of the Baltimore and Ohio R.R. and the W.V.C. & P. R.R., which facilitated the movement of coal and timber from mountain settlements like Piedmont and Elk Garden. The terrain is characterized by massive ridges such as Backbone Mountain and New Creek Mountain, which forced early transport networks to follow gaps and river valleys.
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