1954 Map of St. Marks NE

About this map

St Marks National Wildlife Refuge dominates the southern reaches of this landscape along the border of Wakulla and Jefferson Counties. This 1950s survey documents a complex karst environment where water frequently disappears underground, evidenced by numerous named geologic features such as Bear Bay Sink, Indian Camp Sink, and the cluster at Pinhook Sinks. The terrain is characterized by a low-lying network of drainage ways including Henderson Slough and Morrison Branch, which feed into the dense Gum Swamp. Grounded in planetable surveys, the map reveals a largely undeveloped region defined by private timber or agricultural tracks and distinctive natural landmarks like the Sand Hills and Smoky Hammock. The drainage pattern of the Pinhook River and East River illustrates the hydrology of the Florida Panhandle before significant modern coastal development, preserving the locations of remote spots like Jake Hole and Gator Creek.