1965 Map of Waialeale

About this map

Waialeale and the neighboring peak of Kawaikini crown the central highlands of Kauai in this mid-1960s survey, marking one of the wettest spots on earth. The terrain is defined by the high-elevation Alakai Swamp and a radiating network of deep drainages including Makaweli Canyon and the Hanapepe River. This era of the landscape shows a sophisticated water-management system used for power and irrigation, featuring an extensive network of labels for ditches, flumes, and a penstock leading to the Upper Powerhouse and Lower Powerhouse. Cultural and historical markers like the Heiau near Waialeale sit alongside numerous waterfalls such as Halulu Falls and Kapakaui Falls. The map also captures the intersecting boundaries of the island's traditional districts, including the Hanalei, Waimea, and Lihue regions.