1956 Map of Endicott

Away from the river valley, the terrain rises into the hills of Maine and Newark Valley, where a network of rural schools and churches, such as St Johns Ch and the South Apalachin School, served more isolated communities. The inclusion of the Tri-Cities Airport and various Radio Towers reflects the mid-century infrastructure supporting the Triple Cities region. Notable landmarks like Hiawatha Island and the heights of Cafferty Hill offer reference points for tracing family land and historical settlement patterns before modern development altered the rural character of the Tioga and Broome county lines.