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1895 Map of Elmira

Name: 1895 Topographic Map of Elmira
Creator: U.S. Geological Survey
Published: 1931
License: https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/

USGS Topo · Published 1931

About this map

Horseheads serves as a critical rail junction in this Chemung County landscape, where the Northern Central R.R. and several other lines converge to navigate the valley north of the Chemung River. The mapping shows the dense urban grid of Elmira and Elmira Heights concentrated along the riverbanks, while the surrounding uplands like Mount Zoar and Hawley Hill remain largely defined by rural drainage patterns.

A complex network of transportation infrastructure, including the Delaware Lackawanna and Western R.R. passing through Big Flats, highlights the region's importance as a nineteenth-century industrial corridor. Smaller communities such as Webb Mills and Sullivanville anchor the outlying agricultural areas, while unique river features like Big Island and the crossing at Fitch Bridge indicate how the local topography dictated early settlement and movement between the hills of Southport and the river valley.